Sunday, November 1, 2015

what is brain computer interface ? (making the algorythim- 1958-1973)


During Theodore Kaczynski's sophomore year at Harvard, in 1959, he was recruited for a psychological experiment that, unbeknownst to him, would last three years. The experiment involved psychological torment and humiliation In the fall of 1958 Theodore Kaczynski, a brilliant but vulnerable boy of sixteen, entered Harvard College.  There, also, he was deceived into subjecting himself to a series of purposely brutalizing psychological experiments , a story  included in Jonathon D. Moreno's book Mind Wars: Brain Research .

The Harvard study aimed at psychic deconstruction by humiliating undergraduates and thereby causing them to experience severe stress.
“At the start of the Cold War, Henry Murray *developed a personality profiling test to crack human minds with psychological" warfare" .
As part of Project MKUltra, he began experimenting on Harvard sophomores. Half of the experiment involved having the student prepare an essay on his core beliefs as a person for a friendly debate. Next Murray had an aggressive interrogator come in and methodically  tear the human subject's beliefs to pieces, mocking everything he stood for, and systematically picking apart every line in the essay to see what it took to get him to react. But he didn’t, it just broke him, made him into a mess of a person and left him having to pull his whole life back together again"

*Murray developed a theory of personality called personology, based on "need" and "press". Patterned after chemistry's Henderson–Hasselbalch equation for the pH of a solution.In 1927, at the age of 33, Murray became assistant director of the Harvard Psychological Clinic. He developed the concepts of latent needs (not openly displayed), manifest needs (observed in people's actions), "press" (external influences on motivation) and "thema" — "a pattern of press and need that coalesces around particular interactions". Murray used the term "apperception" to refer to the process of projecting fantasy imagery onto an objective stimulus. The concept of apperception and the assumption that everyone's thinking is shaped by subjective processes provides the rationale behind the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). Murray was the originator of the term "situation testes. Results were pooled to achieve an overall assessment. The underlying principles were later adopted by AT&T in the development of the Assessment Centre methodology, now widely used to assess management potential in both private and public sector organisations.
Murray's identification of core psychological needs (Murray's system of needs), included Achievement, Affiliation and Power (1938) .The groundbreaking study was the pioneer of offender profiling and political psychology, today commonly used by many countries as part of assessing international relations.

From late 1959 to early 1962, Murray was responsible for the ethically questionable, CIA-sponsored Project MKUltra experiments in which twenty-two undergraduates were used as research subjects.Among other purposes, Murray's experiments focused on measuring people's reactions under extreme stress. The unwitting undergraduates were submitted to what Murray himself called "vehement, sweeping and personally abusive" attacks. Assaults to their egos, cherished ideas and beliefs were the vehicle used to cause high levels of stress and distress

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